There was a time when I made several observations of the species Ramalina lacera_, many of them posted here at MO. From those observation I knew that it is usually infertile. Therefore, I was very surprised when I saw a huge group of specimens of this species many of them fertile. Consulting some references, I could read the following: 1) From CNALH, where the description from the Great Sonoran Desert Lichen Flora is reproduced: "Apothecia: not seen for Mexican specimens" 2) The British Flora says: "Apothecia unknown". 3) The website "AFL-lichens" http://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/...lacera.htm says: "Apothécies : non observées". 4) The website "Lichens maritimes" http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/... says: "Apothecia unknown, nevertheless see pictures below demonstrating that some colonies may have apothecia - to be confirmed" and, in fact, two photos showing fertile specimens (one apothecium each) are displayed. Therefore it seems that fertile specimens if existing are extremely rare. So, am I wrong in the identification of these specimens as Ramalina lacera?