Tylostoma Lloydii Bres. n. sp. :

Petri, L. 1904. Annales Mycologici 2(5): 423 (Table VI, Figure 4).

Exoperidio membranaceo, brunneo, mox frustatim collabente et basi zona concolore relinquente; endoperidio subgloboso, papyraceo, glabro, pallido, subcinereo, basi appianato et profunde umbilicato, 1 cm circiter lato, 8-9 mm alto, ore albo, oblongo, 2 x 1.5 mm, parum prominulo, ad instar circuli tomentoso subfimbriati, 0.5 mm, circiter lati, efformato; stipite cavo, fibroso-sublignoso, brunneo, squamis saturatioribus, demum deciduis, ubique obsito, apice attenuato et in acetabulum peridii libere immerso, deorsum sensim incrassato et basi membrana pallida, subvolviformi, fim-briata praedito, 6-7.5 cm longo, apice 2.5-3 mm, basi 4-5 mm crasso, substantia alba; gleba subochracea; sporis laevibus, saepe inaequilaterali-bus. 3.5-4 3.5 µm; hyphis capillitii crasse tunicatis, in articulos non facile secedentibus, hyalinis, 3-9 µm latis.

Hab. Nord-America leg. C. G. Lloyd.

Habitus omnino Tyl. squamosi elatioris, sed ore plano, haud mammoso, sporis laevibus et minoribus praecipue distinctum.

Il capillizio di questa specie è costituito da filamenti incolori, non facilmente, disarticolabili, con andamento contorto, di diametro variabile (3-9 µm), ma assai costante nello stesso filamento. Pareti fortemente ispessite, raramente gl'ispessimenti sono ondulati verso l'interno. Estremità poco ingrossate, linea di sutura ocracea in generale piana.

Wright J.E. 1987. Bibliotheca Mycologia 113: 141.

Tulostoma lloydii Bresadola (Fig. 88; Pls. XV: 4-5; XXXVIII:4-5). apud Petri, Ann. Mycol. 2: 423, fig. 2. 1904.
= T. finkii Lloyd, Mycol. Writ. 7: 1169, fig. 2307. 1923.
= T. asperum Long, Lloydia 10: 128-129, fig. 11. 1947.

Etym.: Dedicated to the North American mycologist C. G. Lloyd.

Spore-sac globose, small in relation to the size of the plant, 6-10 mm diam. Exoperidium membranous, generally of a brilliant dark colour outwardly, and very white inside, early falling off in patches and persisting only at the base. Endoperidium papyraceous, smooth, soon uncovered by the sloughing off of the exoperidium, greenish-yellow, ochraceous or with some pink hue ("Walnut" to "Pecan" of Ridgway (1912), sometimes dark ochraceous, but always with some pinkish hue, particularly near the exoperidium or where the latter has just fallen off, leaving fugacious marks on the internal face, which is typically hyphal. Mouth fibrillose, more or less projected when young, peristome almost white to yellowish, contrasting notably with the darker endoperidium; in older specimens it remains a rigid ring surrounding a relatively large aperture, considering the size of the spore-sac (abt. 3 mm diam). Socket hardly separated from the stem, more or less conspicuous, with a distinct, lacerate, dark brown membrane. Gleba light ochraceous to light cinnamon. Stem generally 50-80 x 2.5-4 mm, at times curved, with a dark brown cortex which, in some collections, may be lighter, but always decorticating in a typical, irregular, fashion; subequal, slightly tapering towards the apex and ending basally in a structure resembling a volva which most times is inconspicuous, but seems typical of the species, consisting of fragments, generally as membranous scales that slough off in the upper third; subwoody, very white inside, fistulose, base bulbous, formed by a white mycelial pad intermixed with plant debris.

Spores globose, subglobose to ellipsoid, intensely coloured with an ochraceous yellowish tint under L.M., although the colour may be variable, smooth, most apiculate, thus exhibiting a tear or pyriform aspect, 3.6-5 x 3.6-4.3 µm; under SEM the wall appears perfectly smooth. Capillitium subhyaline to yellowish, branched and septate, slightly swollen at the scant dark brown septa; walls thick, some incrusted on the outside, disjointable, 3.4-10.8 µm diam, but most average a smaller diameter than the spores.

Habitat: It is a typical inhabitant of forest soil, among humus and plant debris, at sea level; gregarious and solitary.

Distribution: North America: United States (Michigan, Missouri, Ohio, -Tennessee, Texas). Europe: Spain.

Holotype: United States, no data (S!).

Illustration: Lloyd (1906: pl. 82, figs. 5-8); Long (1947: 5, fig. 11).